We've all heard about the occasional sneaky reference in a film - George Lucas famously put some version of THX-1138 (the title of his first(?) film) into most of his works, Spielberg put C3PO and R2D2 into Indiana Jones as hieroglyphs, and Pixar apparently loves to hide references in their films.
But what about books? It's not as easy to sneak something into the background there, where every word is, y'know, a word.
But it happens anyway. And it's awesome. So let's share the ones we know of!
(I'm not including - necessarily - things like Discworld books referencing other things. I suppose we could list every outside reference in, say, Witches Abroad, but... no. I'm asking about the sneaky references you don't expect to be there, and half the time you miss. I'm also not thinking of the 'might be a reference' things - Harry Dresden says 'Stars and stones', which sounds like Gandalf's 'Seven stars/And seven stones/And one white tree' - but more the bits that sneakily say 'Yeah, this totally exists in my universe - in one way or another')
(I'll do my best to keep these spoiler free, of course)
Two from Young Wizards first:
-In book 5, The Wizard's Dilemma, while travelling between universes:
In another [world] he stood on a long narrow spit of land pushing out into a turbulent sea, while the waves crashed all around him, and waited what seemed like nearly an hour for what he knew was coming: a fleet of huge-sailed ships that came riding up out of a terrible storm and with difficulty made landfall by that strange new shore.
As the last of the strangers came up out of the sea and into their new home, bearing their black banner with its single white tree, Kit glanced down...
Far, far away now is Atalantë
... because there's no way that isn't the White Tree of Numenor/Gondor, and there's only one place in the canon that scene could go...
-In book 3, High Wizardry, we run across this gentleman (large skips here for length & spoilers):
He was built slight and strong, wearing a white shirt and sweater and a long fawn-colored jacket; a fair-haired young man with quick bright eyes and an intelligent face. 'Here now,' he said, helping her straighten up. 'Careful!' And he said in English.
[She] opened her mouth to beg for help, but before she could say a word, those wise, sharp eyes had flickered over her and away, taking everything in.
'Who's after you?' the man said, quiet-voiced but urgent, glancing back at [her].
[...] Alarm and quick thought leaped behind those brown eyes. 'Right. Here then, take these.' The young man dug down in his jacket pocket, came up with a fistful of bizarrely shaped coins[......]
She never found out anything about the man who helped her. Nor did he ever find out anything more about her. Pausing by the door [...] after being released from station security some hours later, and being telepathically sensitive (as so many hominids are), he could sense only that some considerable power had been successfully exercised there. Satisfied with that, he smiled to himself and went on about his travels, just one more of the billions of hominids moving about the worlds.
And we never find out any more about him, either. Except that according to Word Of God, he's the Fifth Doctor. Which is awesome.
Another Numenor reference, rather more explicit, shows up in C.S. Lewis' That Hideous Strength:
'It may happen to seem to you the speech of barbarians,' said Ransom, 'for it is long since it has been heard. Not even in Numinor was it heard in the streets.'
The Stranger gave no start and his face remained as quiet as before, if it did not become quieter. But he spoke with a new interest.
'Your Masters let you play with dangerous toys,' he said. 'Tell me, slave, what is Numinor?'
'The true West,' said Ransom.
(One of several references; the prologue states that 'Those who would like to learn further about Numinor and the True West must (alas!) await the publication of much that still exists only in the MSS. of my friend, Professor J.R.R. Tolkien.')
This next one I don't have the book handy, but in Timothy Zahn's Star Wars novel Allegiance, we meet Stacy, a perky X-Wing pilot who flirts with Han Solo... and is actually Pink Five from a fan film.
In Gregory Maguire's Wicked (based on The Wizard of Oz), Elphaba (aka The Wicked Witch of the West) sings:
Elphaba had an okay voice. [Boq] saw the imaginary place she conjoured up, a land where injustice and common cruelty and despotic rule and the beggaring fist of drought didn't work together to hold everyone by the neck. No, he wasn't giving her credit: Elphaba had a good voice. It was controlled and feeling and not histrionic. He listened through to the end, and the song faded into the hush of a respectful pub. Later, he thought: The melody faded like a rainbow after a storm, or like winds calming down at last; and what was left was calm, and possibility, and relief.
[...] 'Elphaba says she's not religious but see how feelingly she sings of the afterlife,' said Nessarose, and for once no one was inclined to argue.
... and it only occurred to me yesterday which song she's clearly singing: Soooooomewheeeere over the rainbow...
A final pair from Last Watch by Sergei Lukyanenko - the fourth book in the Night Watch trilogy - Russian fantasy. The first book got made into a pair of horror-fantasy films... before the fourth book was written. So Lukyanenko dropped a pair of sneaky references to the films into the book - by casting their events as dreams...
'Ah, what a wonderful dream I had last night,' Semyon exclaimed as he drove into the parking lot. 'I'm driving around Moscow in this battered old van, with one of our people sitting beside me... Then suddenly I see Zabulon standing in the middle of the road, dressed like a hobo for some reason. I step on the gas and try to knock him down! But he just waves his hand and puts up a barrier. We go flying up into the air, and somersault right over Zabulon. And we drive on.'
'So why didn't you turn back?' I needled him.
'We were in a hurry to get somewhere.' Semyon sighed.
'You should drink less, then you wouldn't be bothered by dreams like that.'
'They don't bother me at all,' said Semyon, offended. 'On the contrary, I enjoyed it. Like a scene out of some parallel reality...'
And, later on...
'I was a bit angry,' Egor admitted. 'But not too much. It wasn't really your fault. That's the way your job is... lousy. But I resented it, of course. I even dreamed once that you were really my father. And I was going to become a Dark Magician and work in the Day Watch in order to spite you.'
[...] 'That's a funny dream,' I said. 'They say some dreams are an alternative reality breaking through into our consciousness. Maybe somewhere, somehow, that's the way it was. You shouldn't have gone over to the Dark Ones, though...'
And that's just all I can think of at the moment! Surely if I've noticed this many, you lot must have heaps more to share. So go on! Shaaaaare!
hS